Perciyal eyerttt



(No Mdel.) Y

P.v EVERITT.

AUTOMATIC BRAKE.

No. 395,555.` Patented Jan. l, 1889.

A fitug/far W Mjg UNITED VSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

PERCIVAL EVERTTIP, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

AUTOMATIC BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 895,555, dated January 1, 1889.

Application filed January 15, 1887. Serial No. 224,504. (No model.) Patcntediu England December S, 1885, No. 15,066; iu Germany September 19,1886, NO- 38,689, and ill Flance'september 20, 1886, No. 178,634.

To all whom it may concern.-

Bc it known. that LPERCIVAL lilvnnijrr, a subject of the Queen olf Great Britain, residing at London, England, have invented new and useful improvements in or applicable to Automatic Brakes, (for which l have obtained patents in the following countries, namely: }reat Brit-ain, No. 15,066, dated December S, 1885; France, No. 178,634, dated September 20,1886, and Germany, No. 33,689, dated September 19, 1886,) ot which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to devices used in connection with air-brakes for railway cars or engines, and designed to act when a car or a car-wheel leaves the track, or when any dangerous obstruction to the passage of a wheel is encountered, to open a connection between the air-brake pipe and the external air, whereby the brakes will be at once applied.

According to my invention ille said brakes are automatically applied as soon as any wheel iu a train shall leave the metals, orV as soon as any dangerous obstruction to the passage of a wheel is encountered by a train in motion. For this purpose I provide the engine or carriage with a pipe or pipes which act as safetypipes from the main-train connection, such pipes being so bent or shaped as to form pendent pipes terminating within a shortdistance from the rail. These pendent safety-pipes are vfitted with a cock or valve or its equivalentprovided with a lever or rod so arranged that should the engine or a carriage leave the metals or a dangerous obstruction. be met the said lever or rod would come in contact with the rails, a sleeper, or the earth, or otherwise upon the encounterI of said pipe with any dangerous obstruction, and thereby move round the plug of the cock and admit air and thus put on the brakes.

In lnactice I vtind it advantageous to weaken the pendent pipes above the cock by employing a reduced thickness of metal or equivalent means, so that in case the lever should from any cause .not act the pipe, on coming in contact with any obstaele-such as the rail or a sleeper-would break ot't' at the weakened part and admit air.

It will be obviousthatinstead of employing a cock whose movable plug is acted upon by a lever a li'xed plug maybe used to close the lower end of a safety-pipe, and that if the pipe be weakened, as above described, then on the carriage leaving the rails, or on a dangerous obstru ction being niet, a portion of the safetypipe will be broken oliA and a cmnmunication opened between the air in the train-piipe and the external air, which will cause the brakes to operate, as will be hereinafter more fully efe plained.

In order to close the pendent pipe, after it has been broken, against the air when the train is again started, the pendent pipe is advantageously provided with a cock or valve above the weakened pai-tof the pipe, or other means of closingfthe broken pipe may be provided-such as a plug or stopper.

ln order to enable my invention to be fully understood, l will proceed to describe the same by lreference to the accoinpanyin drawings, in which- Figure Ai rc p resents a longitudinal elevation of part of the under frame ol arailway-carriage, showing a weakened pendent pipe open at its lower end and having a cock above and a cock below the weakened part; and Fig. 2, a part end eleva-tion ol' the same.

Similar letters represent similar parts in both the iigurcs.

a is the pendent pipe, openat its'upper part to the main-train connection,its lower end, which extends to within a short distance of the rail h, being lnrovided with the cock c, on thciiat ot' which is the lever d. The pendent bine a is ,closed at its lower end and is weakened at a short. distance above the lower end, as illustrated at e. f is another cock placed above the weakened part e, the said cock in its normal position being open. On the train leaving the rails and the lower end ol' the pipe coming against the rail, a sleeper, or the earth, the portion oi the pipe below the weakened part c thereof would be broken o'll, thus admitting air and putting on the brakes. lVhen the train is again started, the cock f would of course have to be closed.

The closed pendent pipe or hollow plug, if of cast metal, need not have a reduced or weakened place, because the metal itself will break when encountering an obstruction. lt'

IOO

made of wrought metal, it should be weakened at a suitable point.

I am aware that a bent tube made of frangible materialsuoli as glass, pottery, andthe like-has been proposed to be employed, and also that frangible bulbs have been disposed about a oar-truck or its appurtenances, suoh pipe or bulb being` arranged to be broken by Coming in Contact with the rail, or in some instances by Corning in Contact with some part of the ear. These I do not Claim.

Having now particularly described and aseertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I Claim isl. The combination,with an air-brake pipe, of a pipe pendent therefrom, the same being weakened at a suitable point, a normallyclosed Valve in said pipe, and an external swinging arm Connected with said Valve for opening the same, substantially as set forth. 2. The eombination,with an air-brake pipe, of a pipe pendent therefrom, the same being weakened at a suitable point, a normallyolosed valve in said pipe, an external swinging arm Connected with said valve for opening` the same, and a Valve forolosng said pipe above said normallyclosed valve and said weaken ed point, substantially as set forth.

PERGIVAL EVERITT.

Witnesses:

G. F. REDFERN, F. W. PRICE. 

